Abstract
Proprioceptive sensory signals inform the CNS of the consequences of motor acts, but effective motor planning involves internal neural systems capable of anticipating actual sensory feedback. Just where and how predictive systems exert their influence remains poorly understood. We explored the possibility that spinocerebellar neurons that convey proprioceptive sensory information also integrate information from cortical command systems. Analysis of the circuitry and physiology of identified dorsal spinocerebellar tract neurons in mouse spinal cord revealed distinct populations of Clarke's column neurons that received direct excitatory and/or indirect inhibitory inputs from descending corticospinal axons. The convergence of these descending inhibitory and excitatory inputs to Clarke's column neurons established local spinal circuits with the capacity to mark or modulate incoming proprioceptive input. Together, our genetic, anatomical and physiological results indicate that Clarke's column spinocerebellar neurons nucleate local spinal corollary circuits that are relevant to motor planning and evaluation.
Publication types
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Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione / pharmacology
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Animals
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Animals, Newborn
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Bicuculline / pharmacology
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Cerebellum / cytology*
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Cholera Toxin / metabolism
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Electric Stimulation / methods
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Estrogen Antagonists / pharmacology
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Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / pharmacology
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Feedback, Sensory / drug effects
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Feedback, Sensory / physiology*
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GABA Antagonists / pharmacology
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Gene Expression Regulation / drug effects
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Gene Expression Regulation / genetics
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Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / genetics
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Glycine Agents / pharmacology
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Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / genetics
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Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / metabolism
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Green Fluorescent Proteins / genetics
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Homeodomain Proteins / genetics
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Lysine / analogs & derivatives
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Lysine / metabolism
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Membrane Potentials / drug effects
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Membrane Potentials / genetics
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Mice
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Mice, Transgenic
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Models, Neurological
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Nerve Net / drug effects
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Nerve Net / physiology
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Neural Inhibition / genetics
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Neural Inhibition / physiology
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Neural Pathways / metabolism
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Parvalbumins / genetics
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Patch-Clamp Techniques / methods
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Protein Kinase C / metabolism
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RNA, Messenger / metabolism
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Sensory Receptor Cells / physiology*
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Spinal Cord / cytology*
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Stilbamidines / metabolism
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Strychnine / pharmacology
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Tamoxifen / pharmacology
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Transcription Factors / genetics
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Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 / genetics
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beta-Galactosidase / metabolism
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tau Proteins / genetics
Substances
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2-hydroxy-4,4'-diamidinostilbene, methanesulfonate salt
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Estrogen Antagonists
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Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists
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GABA Antagonists
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Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
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Glycine Agents
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Glycine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
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Homeodomain Proteins
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Parvalbumins
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RNA, Messenger
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Slc17a7 protein, mouse
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Slc6a5 protein, mouse
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Stilbamidines
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Transcription Factors
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Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1
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empty spiracles homeobox proteins
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tau Proteins
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Tamoxifen
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Green Fluorescent Proteins
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6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione
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Cholera Toxin
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Protein Kinase C
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beta-Galactosidase
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biocytin
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Strychnine
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Lysine
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Bicuculline