Location and length distribution of somatic hypermutation-associated DNA insertions and deletions reveals regions of antibody structural plasticity

Genes Immun. 2012 Oct;13(7):523-9. doi: 10.1038/gene.2012.28. Epub 2012 Jun 21.

Abstract

Following the initial diversity generated by V(D)J recombination, somatic hypermutation is the principal mechanism for producing further antibody repertoire diversity in antigen-experienced B cells. While somatic hypermutation typically results in single-nucleotide substitutions, the infrequent incorporation of genetic insertions and deletions has also been associated with the somatic hypermutation process. We used high-throughput antibody sequencing to determine the sequence of thousands of antibody genes containing somatic hypermutation-associated insertions and deletions (SHA indels), which revealed significant differences between the location of SHA indels and somatic mutations. Further, we identified a cluster of insertions and deletions in the antibody framework 3 region, which corresponds to the hypervariable region 4 (HV4) in T-cell receptors. We propose that this HV4-like region, identified by SHA indel analysis, represents a region of under-appreciated affinity maturation potential. Finally, through the analysis of both location and length distribution of SHA indels, we have determined regions of structural plasticity within the antibody protein.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Binding Sites
  • High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
  • Humans
  • INDEL Mutation / genetics*
  • Immunoglobulin G / chemistry
  • Immunoglobulin G / genetics
  • Immunoglobulin M / chemistry
  • Immunoglobulin M / genetics
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Sequence Analysis, DNA
  • Somatic Hypermutation, Immunoglobulin / genetics*

Substances

  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Immunoglobulin M