Quantification of reverse transcriptase activity by real-time PCR as a fast and accurate method for titration of HIV, lenti- and retroviral vectors

PLoS One. 2012;7(12):e50859. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0050859. Epub 2012 Dec 5.

Abstract

Quantification of retroviruses in cell culture supernatants and other biological preparations is required in a diverse spectrum of laboratories and applications. Methods based on antigen detection, such as p24 for HIV, or on genome detection are virus specific and sometimes suffer from a limited dynamic range of detection. In contrast, measurement of reverse transcriptase (RT) activity is a generic method which can be adapted for higher sensitivity using real-time PCR quantification (qPCR-based product-enhanced RT (PERT) assay). We present an evaluation of a modified SYBR Green I-based PERT assay (SG-PERT), using commercially available reagents such as MS2 RNA and ready-to-use qPCR mixes. This assay has a dynamic range of 7 logs, a sensitivity of 10 nU HIV-1 RT and outperforms p24 ELISA for HIV titer determination by lower inter-run variation, lower cost and higher linear range. The SG-PERT values correlate with transducing and infectious units in HIV-based viral vector and replication-competent HIV-1 preparations respectively. This assay can furthermore quantify Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus-derived vectors and can be performed on different instruments, such as Roche Lightcycler® 480 and Applied Biosystems ABI 7300. We consider this test to be an accurate, fast and relatively cheap method for retroviral quantification that is easily implemented for use in routine and research laboratories.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Benzothiazoles
  • Cell Line
  • Diamines
  • Genetic Vectors / genetics*
  • HIV Reverse Transcriptase / genetics*
  • HIV-1 / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Organic Chemicals / metabolism
  • Quinolines
  • Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction / methods*
  • Sensitivity and Specificity
  • Titrimetry / methods*

Substances

  • Benzothiazoles
  • Diamines
  • Organic Chemicals
  • Quinolines
  • SYBR Green I
  • reverse transcriptase, Human immunodeficiency virus 1
  • HIV Reverse Transcriptase

Grants and funding

This work was supported by SBO CellCoVir grant from the agency for Innovation by Science and Technology (IWT) Flanders, Belgium; HIV-STOP Interuniversity Attraction Poles program of Belgian Science Policy, European Union FP7 Health-2007-2.3.2-1 Collaborative Project iNEF, Ghent University grant BOF11/GOA/013 and grants from the Research Foundation – Flanders (FWO) to BV. JV and AL are PhD fellows, TT is a postdoctoral researcher and BV is a Senior Clinical Investigator of the FWO. VI is a PhD fellow supported by the BOF program of the Ghent University. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.