The Pseudomonas syringae type III effector HopF2 suppresses Arabidopsis stomatal immunity

PLoS One. 2014 Dec 11;9(12):e114921. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0114921. eCollection 2014.

Abstract

Pseudomonas syringae subverts plant immune signalling through injection of type III secreted effectors (T3SE) into host cells. The T3SE HopF2 can disable Arabidopsis immunity through Its ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. Proteomic analysis of HopF2 interacting proteins identified a protein complex containing ATPases required for regulating stomatal aperture, suggesting HopF2 may manipulate stomatal immunity. Here we report HopF2 can inhibit stomatal immunity independent of its ADP-ribosyltransferase activity. Transgenic expression of HopF2 in Arabidopsis inhibits stomatal closing in response to P. syringae and increases the virulence of surface inoculated P. syringae. Further, transgenic expression of HopF2 inhibits flg22 induced reactive oxygen species production. Intriguingly, ADP-ribosyltransferase activity is dispensable for inhibiting stomatal immunity and flg22 induced reactive oxygen species. Together, this implies HopF2 may be a bifunctional T3SE with ADP-ribosyltransferase activity required for inhibiting apoplastic immunity and an independent function required to inhibit stomatal immunity.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • ADP Ribose Transferases / genetics*
  • ADP Ribose Transferases / metabolism
  • Arabidopsis / genetics*
  • Arabidopsis / immunology
  • Bacterial Proteins / genetics*
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions / genetics*
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions / immunology
  • Plant Immunity / genetics*
  • Plant Stomata / genetics
  • Plant Stomata / immunology*
  • Plants, Genetically Modified
  • Proteomics
  • Pseudomonas syringae / metabolism
  • Pseudomonas syringae / pathogenicity
  • Type III Secretion Systems / genetics
  • Type III Secretion Systems / metabolism

Substances

  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Type III Secretion Systems
  • ADP Ribose Transferases