Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) reproducibly induces chondrogenesis and osteogenesis when implanted into skeletal muscle. The exact identity of the cell that responds to BMP is not known. Furthermore, controversy exists regarding the possibility that myoblastic cells may transdifferentiate to chondrocytes and osteoblasts under the influence of BMP. We have therefore, undertaken studies on the effects of BMP on differentiation in L6 and C2C12 cells, two rodent myoblastic cell lines. To gain insights into the mechanisms of action of BMP, we have studied the effects of BMP on the levels of expression of the four known myogenic determination genes: myogenin, Myo D, herculin, and myf-5. BMP inhibited myogenesis in myoblastic cells. Convincing evidence of transdifferentiation of myoblasts to chondrocytes or osteoblasts was not seen. BMP inhibited the expression of all four myogenic determination genes.
Publication types
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
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Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
MeSH terms
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Alkaline Phosphatase / metabolism
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Animals
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Bone Morphogenetic Proteins
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Cell Differentiation / drug effects*
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Cell Line
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Creatine Kinase / genetics
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DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
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Gene Expression* / drug effects
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Glycosaminoglycans / biosynthesis
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Helix-Loop-Helix Motifs*
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Mice
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Muscle Proteins / genetics*
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Muscles / cytology*
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Muscles / drug effects
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Muscles / metabolism
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MyoD Protein / genetics
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Myogenic Regulatory Factor 5
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Myogenic Regulatory Factors / genetics
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Myogenin / genetics
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Myosins / genetics
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Proteins / pharmacology*
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RNA / metabolism
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Rats
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Trans-Activators*
Substances
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Bone Morphogenetic Proteins
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DNA-Binding Proteins
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Glycosaminoglycans
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Muscle Proteins
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Myf5 protein, mouse
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MyoD Protein
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Myog protein, mouse
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Myog protein, rat
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Myogenic Regulatory Factor 5
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Myogenic Regulatory Factors
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Myogenin
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Proteins
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Trans-Activators
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myogenic factor 6
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RNA
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Creatine Kinase
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Alkaline Phosphatase
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Myosins