Diet-induced modifications to human microbiome reshape colonic homeostasis in irritable bowel syndrome

Hadar Bootz-Maoz; Ayelet Pearl; Ehud Melzer; Stephen Malnick; Efrat Sharon; Yifat Bennet; Rotem Tsentsarevsky; Shlomi Abuchatzera; Sivan Amidror; Elana Aretz; Shalhevet Azriel; Chen Gam Ze Letova; Maria Naama; Irit Shoval; Orly Yaron; Sarit Karako-Lampert; Shai Bel; Nissan Yissachar

doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111657

Diet-induced modifications to human microbiome reshape colonic homeostasis in irritable bowel syndrome

Cell Rep. 2022 Nov 15;41(7):111657. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111657.

Authors

Hadar Bootz-Maoz¹, Ayelet Pearl¹, Ehud Melzer², Stephen Malnick³, Efrat Sharon¹, Yifat Bennet¹, Rotem Tsentsarevsky¹, Shlomi Abuchatzera¹, Sivan Amidror¹, Elana Aretz⁴, Shalhevet Azriel¹, Chen Gam Ze Letova¹, Maria Naama⁵, Irit Shoval⁶, Orly Yaron⁶, Sarit Karako-Lampert⁶, Shai Bel⁵, Nissan Yissachar⁷

Affiliations

¹ The Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel.
² Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel; Hadassah Medical Center, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
³ Department of Internal Medicine, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel; Hadassah Medical Center, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
⁴ Department of Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel.
⁵ Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel.
⁶ The Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel.
⁷ The Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; Bar-Ilan Institute of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel. Electronic address: nissan.yissachar@biu.ac.il.

PMID: 36384106
DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111657

Abstract

Changes in microbiome composition are associated with a wide array of human diseases, turning the human microbiota into an attractive target for therapeutic intervention. Yet, clinical translation of these findings requires the establishment of causative connections between specific microbial taxa and their functional impact on host tissues. Here, we infuse gut organ cultures with longitudinal microbiota samples collected from therapy-naive patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) under a low-fermentable oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides and polyols (FODMAP) diet. We show that post-diet microbiota regulates intestinal expression of inflammatory and neuro-muscular gene sets. Specifically, we identify Bifidobacterium adolescentis as a diet-sensitive pathobiont that alters tight junction integrity and disrupts gut barrier functions. Collectively, we present a pathway discovery platform for mechanistic dissection and identification of functional diet-host-microbiota modules. Our data support the hypothesis that the gut microbiota mediates the beneficial effects of a low-FODMAP diet and reinforce the potential feasibility of microbiome-based therapies in IBS.

Keywords: CP: Microbiology; gut microbiota; intestinal epithelial barrier; irritable bowel syndrome; low-FODMAP diet.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Diet, Carbohydrate-Restricted
Gastrointestinal Microbiome*
Homeostasis
Humans
Irritable Bowel Syndrome* / therapy