Mitochondria are best known for their role in the generation of ATP by aerobic respiration.
Yet, research in the past half century has shown that they perform a much larger suite of …

For 15 years, the eukaryote Tree of Life (eToL) has been divided into five to eight major
groupings, known as ‘supergroups'. However, the tree has been profoundly rearranged during …

Recent advances in resolving the tree of eukaryotes are converging on a model composed
of a few large hypothetical ‘supergroups', each comprising a diversity of primarily microbial …

Current understanding of the higher order systematics of eukaryotes relies largely on analyses
of the small ribosomal subunit RNA (SSU rRNA). Independent testing of these results is …

Microorganisms that use sulfate as a terminal electron acceptor for anaerobic respiration
play a central role in the global sulfur cycle. Here, we report the results of comparative …

Nearly all of eukaryotic diversity has been classified into 6 suprakingdom-level groups (supergroups)
based on molecular and morphological/cell-biological evidence; these are …

The presence of mitochondria and related organelles in every studied eukaryote supports
the view that mitochondria are essential cellular components. Here, we report the genome …

The diversity of life has generally been divided into a few–four to six–fundamental ‘kingdoms’.
The most influential system, the ‘Whittaker’five kingdom structure, recognises Monera (…

A large fragment of the dissimilatory sulfite reductase genes (dsrAB) was PCR amplified and
fully sequenced from 30 reference strains representing all recognized lineages of sulfate-…

… where |$a$| indexes 20 amino acids and |$f_{aj}$| is the frequency for amino acid |$a$|
in the mixture component |$j$|⁠. While there are a finite number of |$f_{aj}$|⁠, the |${P(j|{x})}$| …