The barrier that protects the undamaged gastroduodenal mucosa from autodigestion by
gastric juice is a dynamic multicomponent system. The major elements of this barrier are the …

Metabolism involves the ordered transport of electrons from reducing substances to oxidizing
species and its linkage to energy conversion. In aerobic organisms, the terminal electron …

How the gastric mucosa is able to withstand intraluminal acid, which can attain
concentrations approaching 155 mM H+ under conditions of maximal stimulation, remains an …

The expression of enzymes involved in fatty acid β-oxidation (FAO), the principal source of
energy production in the adult mammalian heart, is controlled at the transcriptional level via …

This Technical Report was retired November 2021. Advances in fields of inquiry as diverse
as neuroscience, molecular biology, genomics, developmental psychology, epidemiology, …

Abstract Knowledge of the complete genomic DNA sequence of an organism allows a systematic
approach to defining its genetic components. The genomic sequence provides access …

Advances in a wide range of biological, behavioral, and social sciences are expanding our
understanding of how early environmental influences (the ecology) and genetic …

An increasingly powerful approach for studying brain circuits relies on targeting genetically
encoded sensors and effectors to specific cell types. However, current approaches for this …

Aicardi-Goutières syndrome (AGS) is an autosomal recessive neurological disorder, the clinical
and immunological features of which parallel those of congenital viral infection. Here we …

Host factors in the intestine help select for bacteria that promote health. Certain commensals
can utilize mucins as an energy source, thus promoting their colonization. However, health …