The molecular codes underpinning the functions of plant NLR immune receptors are poorly
understood. We used in vitro Mu transposition to generate a random truncation library and …

In recent years, Ghana has been recognised as a leading player in addressing antimicrobial
resistance (AMR) in Africa. However, based on our literature review, we could not ascertain …

Background Understanding strategic commitments and policy responses to overcome
antimicrobial resistance at the national, regional, and global levels is required to evaluate current …

Plant pathogens cause recurrent epidemics, threatening crop yield and global food security.
Efforts to retool the plant immune system have been limited to modifying natural …

The NRC immune receptor network has evolved in asterid plants from a pair of linked genes
into a genetically dispersed and phylogenetically structured network of sensor and helper …

Parasites counteract host immunity by suppressing helper nucleotide binding and leucine-rich
repeat (NLR) proteins that function as central nodes in immune receptor networks. …

Cell surface pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) activate immune responses that can
include the hypersensitive cell death. However, the pathways that link PRRs to the cell death …

Background Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses an increasing public health threat to low-
and lower-middle income countries. Recent studies found that in fact poor governance and …

Supernumerary mini-chromosomes–a unique type of genomic structural variation–have
been implicated in the emergence of virulence traits in plant pathogenic fungi. However, the …

Wheat, one of the most important food crops, is threatened by a blast disease pandemic. Here,
we show that a clonal lineage of the wheat blast fungus recently spread to Asia and Africa …