Vision loss in diabetic retinopathy (DR) is ascribed primarily to retinal vascular abnormalities—including
hyperpermeability, hypoperfusion, and neoangiogenesis—that eventually lead …

Five vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) ligands (VEGF-A, -B, –C, -D, and
placental growth factor [PlGF]) constitute the VEGF family. VEGF-A binds VEGF receptors 1 …

The majority of agronomically important crop traits are quantitative, meaning that they are
controlled by multiple genes each with a small effect (quantitative trait loci, QTL s). Mapping …

Angiopoietin-2 (ANG-2) is a key regulator of angiogenesis that exerts context-dependent
effects on ECs. ANG-2 binds the endothelial-specific receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (TIE2) and acts …

Background An early diagnosis of cardiac sarcoidosis is important, particularly when considering
the need for administering corticosteroid therapy. However, no reports are available on …

The resistance of cancer cells to therapy is responsible for the death of most patients with
cancer 1 . Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been associated with resistance to …

The bioactive lysophospholipid mediator sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) promotes the
egress of newly formed T cells from the thymus and the release of immature B cells from the …

Interactions between endothelial cells (ECs) and perivascular mural cells (MCs) via
signaling molecules or physical contacts are implicated both in vascular remodeling and …

Advances in genome sequencing technologies have enabled researchers and breeders to
rapidly associate phenotypic variation to genome sequence differences. We recently took …

Objective To promote understanding of the development of posterior vitreous detachment(PVD)
in healthy eyes using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Methods We studied 209 …