Background Determination of the phases of the estrous cycle and induction of estrus (heat)
in experimental animals remains useful, especially in reproductive function research. Main …

Male factor accounts for about 30–50% of infertility. A common cause of male infertility is
drug abuse; either illicit or prolonged use of prescribed drugs. This study provides a review of …

Viral infections have been a part of human existence to date, though viruses have posed a
huge threat with various outbreaks lately. These threats are associated with reproductive …

This study aimed to explore the potential antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic
effects of omega 3 fatty acid (Ω-3) in a rat model of testicular torsion/detorsion (T/D). Under …

Oxidative stress has been linked with sleep deprivation (SD)-induced pathological conditions
and reproductive dysfunction. On the other hand, glutamine has been established to have …

Several studies have implicated codeine use in the aetiopathogenesis of male infertility.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of HER2, Ki67, oestrogen and p53/Bcl-2 …

Background: Opioids have been implicated to induce infertility. Although codeine remains
the most used opioid for recreational purpose, no study has documented its effect on sperm …

The COVID-19 infection has been a matter of urgency to tackle around the world today, there
exist 200 countries around the world and 54 countries in Africa that the COVID-19 infection …

Male reproductive functions, which include testicular steroidogenesis, spermatogenesis, and
sexual/erectile functions are key in male fertility, but may be adversely altered by several …

Codeine (3-methylmorphine) is a known analgesic, antitussive, and antidiarrheal drug that
is often abused for recreational purposes. It is metabolized in the liver via the cytochrome …