TAL effectors of plant pathogenic bacteria in the genus Xanthomonas bind host DNA and
activate genes that contribute to disease or turn on defense. Target specificity depends on an …

… TAL effector-target pairs identified by Moscou and Bogdanove ( 3 ). We looked for positional
… , we used the weight matrix developed by Moscou and Bogdanove ( 3 ) to identify the best-…

Generating and applying new knowledge from the wealth of available genomic information is
hindered, in part, by the difficulty of altering nucleotide sequences and expression of genes …

Transcription activator-like (TAL) effectors are repeat-containing proteins used by plant
pathogenic bacteria to manipulate host gene expression. Repeats are polymorphic and …

Background Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae causes bacterial blight of rice (Oryza sativa L.),
a major disease that constrains production of this staple crop in many parts of the world. We …

Symbioses of bacteria with fungi have only recently been described and are poorly understood.
In the symbiosis of Mycetohabitans (formerly Burkholderia) rhizoxinica with the fungus …

Engineered nucleases that cleave specific DNA sequences in vivo are valuable reagents for
targeted mutagenesis. Here we report a new class of sequence-specific nucleases created …

Many disease resistance (R) proteins of plants detect the presence of disease-causing bacteria,
viruses, or fungi by recognizing specific pathogen effector molecules that are produced …

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola cause bacterial
blight and bacterial leaf streak of rice (Oryza sativa), which constrain production of this staple …

DNA recognition by TAL effectors is mediated by tandem repeats, each 33 to 35 residues in
length, that specify nucleotides via unique repeat-variable diresidues (RVDs). The crystal …