Genomic enhancers are important regulators of gene expression, but their identification is a
challenge, and methods depend on indirect measures of activity. We developed a method …

Cellular development, morphology and function are governed by precise patterns of gene
expression. These are established by the coordinated action of genomic regulatory elements …

RNA polymerase II (Pol II) core promoters are specialized DNA sequences at transcription
start sites of protein-coding and non-coding genes that support the assembly of the …

Differential gene expression gives rise to the many cell types of complex organisms. Enhancers
regulate transcription by binding transcription factors (TFs), which in turn recruit cofactors …

All multicellular organisms rely on differential gene transcription regulated by genomic
enhancers, which function through cofactors that are recruited by transcription factors 1 , 2 . …

One of the most important questions in biology is how transcription factors (TFs) and cofactors
control enhancer function and thus gene expression. Enhancer activation usually requires …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression in plants
and animals. Although their biological importance has become clear, how they recognize and …

Drosophila Piwi-family proteins have been implicated in transposon control. Here, we examine
piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) associated with each Drosophila Piwi protein and find …

The human body is composed of diverse cell types with distinct functions. Although it is
known that lineage specification depends on cell-specific gene expression, which in turn is …

Cell proliferation, cell death, and pattern formation are coordinated in animal development.
Although many proteins that control cell proliferation and apoptosis have been identified, the …