Remarkable progress in optical microscopy has been made in the measurement of nanometre
distances. If diffraction blurs the image of a point object into an Airy disk with a root-mean-…

Transforming the vast knowledge from genetics, biochemistry, and structural biology into
detailed molecular descriptions of biological processes inside cells remains a major challenge…

Transcription activation by distal enhancers is essential for cell-fate specification and
maintenance of cellular identities. How long-range gene regulation is physically achieved, …

Uniform colloidal microspheres dispersed in a solvent will, under appropriate conditions, self-assemble
into ordered crystalline structures 1 . Using these colloidal crystals as a model …

Membrane fusion is mediated by complexes formed by SNAP-receptor (SNARE) and
Secretory 1 (Sec1)/mammalian uncoordinated-18 (Munc18)-like (SM) proteins, but it is unclear …

Live cell imaging with high spatiotemporal resolution and high detection sensitivity facilitates
the study of the dynamics of cellular structure and function. However, extracting high-…

Transcription is a dynamic process. To detect the dynamic relationship among protein clusters
of RNA polymerase II and coactivators, gene loci, and transcriptional activity, we insert an …

We report the first experimental study of a model system of a two-dimensional colloidal crystal
in a random pinning potential. The colloidal crystal consists of monodispersed charged …

Visualizing the 4D genome in live cells is essential for understanding its regulation.
Programmable DNA-binding probes, such as fluorescent clustered regularly interspaced short …

We demonstrate a novel method of introducing point defects (mono-and divacancies) in a
confined monolayer colloidal crystal by manipulating individual particles with optical tweezers. …