Behavioural and physiological markers of discrete positive emotions remain little investigated
in animals. To characterise new markers in horses, we used tactile stimulations to induce …

Although photoperiodic cycles are known to be the most powerful entraining agent of
circadian rhythms in homeotherms, social factors can also play a role in synchronizing activity …

Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) are pests constraining the international trade of
Brazilian table grapes. They damage grapes by transmitting viruses and toxins, causing …

The influence of embryonic microclimate on the behavioural development of birds remains
unexplored. In this study, we experimentally tested whether chronic exposure to suboptimal …

Individual phenotypic characteristics of many species are influenced by non-genetic maternal
effects. Female birds can influence the development of their offspring before birth via the …

Maternal stress effects on offspring development have been studied largely in rodents and
primates, and to a lesser extent in farm animals. Potential lack of knowledge concerning …

There is considerable variability in the susceptibility of individuals to the adverse effects of
chronic stress. In humans and other mammals, individual traits such as high anxiety are …

In the field as well as in the laboratory, human-generated stress responses are reduced in
adult animals previously habituated to humans in comparison to non-habituated individuals. …

Background Behavioral traits such as sociability, emotional reactivity and aggressiveness
are major factors in animal adaptation to breeding conditions. In order to investigate the …

In this study, we used the specialist egg parasitoid Trichogramma galloi Zucchi, 1988 (Hymenoptera:
Trichogrammatidae) to test whether development over multiple generations on a …