The greatest cost associated with terrestrial photosynthesis is maintaining hydration in the
presence of phenomenal evaporative forces from the atmosphere (Wong et al., 1979). Without …

Stomata are key innovations for the diversification of land plants. They consist of two
differentiated epidermal cells or guard cells and a pore between that leads to an internal cavity. …

As one of the earliest plant groups to evolve stomata, hornworts are key to understanding the
origin and function of stomata. Hornwort stomata are large and scattered on sporangia that …

Because stomata in bryophytes are uniquely located on sporangia, the physiological and
evolutionary constraints placed on bryophyte stomata are fundamentally different from those …

• Premise of the study: Mosses are central in understanding the origin, diversification, and
early function of stomata in land plants. Oedipodium, the first extant moss with true stomata, …

Background and Aims In seed plants, the ability of guard cell walls to move is imparted by
pectins. Arabinan rhamnogalacturonan I (RG1) pectins confer flexibility while unesterified …

The use of species as a concept is an important metric for assessing biological diversity and
ecosystem function. However, delimiting species based on morphological characters can be …

Sporogenesis is a developmental process that defines embryophytes and involves callose,
especially in the production of the highly protective and recalcitrant spore/pollen wall. Until …

Background and Aims Studies on stomatal development and the molecular mechanisms
controlling patterning have provided new insights into cell signalling, cell fate determination …

• Premise of the study: The occurrence of stomata on sporophytes of mosses and hornworts
is congruent with a single origin in land plants. Although true stomata are absent in early‐…