Molecular noise restricts the ability of an individual cell to resolve input signals of different
strengths and gather information about the external environment. Transmitting information …

Biological networks, such as those describing gene regulation, signal transduction, and
neural synapses, are representations of large-scale dynamic systems. Discovery of organizing …

Nuclear localization of the transcriptional activator NF-κB (nuclear factor κB) is controlled in
mammalian cells by three isoforms of NF-κB inhibitor protein: IκBα, -β, and -ɛ. Based on …

Heart tissue possesses complex structural organization on multiple scales, from macro- to
nano-, but nanoscale control of cardiac function has not been extensively analyzed. Inspired …

The architecture of the extracellular matrix (ECM) directs cell behavior by providing spatial
and mechanical cues to which cells respond. In addition to soluble chemical factors, physical …

In addition to preventing crosstalk among related signaling pathways, scaffold proteins might
facilitate signal transduction by preforming multimolecular complexes that can be rapidly …

Eukaryotic cells can detect shallow gradients of chemoattractants with exquisite precision
and respond quickly to changes in the gradient steepness and direction. Here, we describe a …

Mechanical forces play important roles in the regulation of various biological processes at
the molecular and cellular level, such as gene expression, adhesion, migration, and cell fate, …

In this report, we describe using ultraviolet (UV)-assisted capillary force lithography (CFL) to
create a model substratum of anisotropic micro- and nanotopographic pattern arrays with …

The mating pathway in Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been the focus of considerable
research effort, yet many quantitative aspects of its regulation still remain unknown. Using an …