Processing of DNA in replication, repair and recombination pathways in cells of all
organisms requires the participation of at least one major single-stranded DNA (ssDNA)-binding …

Signaling receptors dynamically exit cilia upon activation of signaling pathways such as
Hedgehog. Here, we find that when activated G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) fail to …

ClpX is a AAA+ machine that uses the energy of ATP binding and hydrolysis to unfold native
proteins and translocate unfolded polypeptides into the ClpP peptidase. The crystal …

A diffusion barrier at the transition zone enables the compartmentalization of signaling
molecules by cilia. The BBSome and the small guanosine triphosphatase Arl6, which triggers …

The sorting of signaling receptors into and out of cilia relies on the BBSome, a complex of
Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS) proteins, and on the intraflagellar transport (IFT) machinery. GTP …

Proteins are targeted to the proteasome by the attachment of ubiquitin chains, which are
markedly varied in structure. Three proteasome subunits–Rpn10, Rpn13, and Rpn1–can …

4-1BB (CD137, TNFRSF9) is an inducible costimulatory receptor expressed on activated T
cells. Clinical trials of two agonist antibodies, utomilumab (PF-05082566) and urelumab (BMS…

ClpX, a AAA+ ring homohexamer, uses the energy of ATP binding and hydrolysis to power
conformational changes that unfold and translocate target proteins into the ClpP peptidase for …

Regulated trafficking of G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs) controls cilium-based
signaling pathways. β-Arrestin, a molecular sensor of activated GPCRs, and the BBSome, a …

Molecular machines containing double or single AAA+ rings power energy-dependent
protein degradation and other critical cellular processes, including disaggregation and …