By means of in vivo selection, transcriptomic analysis, functional verification and clinical
validation, here we identify a set of genes that marks and mediates breast cancer metastasis to …

Improving efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade for cancer can be facilitated by
combining these agents with each other and/or with other conventional or targeted therapies. …

T cell activation through the TCR can result in either cell proliferation or cell death. The role
of costlmulatory receptors in regulating T cell survival has not been defined. Here, we …

Individualization of cancer management requires prognostic markers and therapy-predictive
markers. Prognostic markers assess risk of disease progression independent of therapy, …

Stromal communication with cancer cells can influence treatment response. We show that
stromal and breast cancer (BrCa) cells utilize paracrine and juxtacrine signaling to drive …

Ever since Stephen Paget’s 1889 hypothesis, metastatic organotropism has remained one
of cancer’s greatest mysteries. Here we demonstrate that exosomes from mouse and human …

The molecular basis for breast cancer metastasis to the brain is largely unknown 1 , 2 . Brain
relapse typically occurs years after the removal of a breast tumour 2 , 3 , 4 , suggesting that …

The success of immune checkpoint blockade in patients with a wide variety of malignancies
has changed the treatment paradigm in oncology. However, combination therapies with …

Bcl-2-related proteins are critical regulators of cell survival that are localized to the outer
mitochondrial, outer nuclear and endoplasmic reticulum membranes 1–4 . Despite their …

Much of our understanding on resistance mechanisms to conventional cancer therapies such
as chemotherapy and radiation has focused on cell intrinsic properties that antagonize the …