Importance Per the World Health Organization 2016 integrative classification, newly
diagnosed glioblastomas are separated into isocitrate dehydrogenase gene 1 or 2 (IDH)–wild-type …

Background After traumatic brain injury (TBI), plasma concentration of glial fibrillary acidic
protein (GFAP) correlates with intracranial injury visible on CT scan. Some patients with …

In this paper, which is the first in a three-part series that reviews cerebrovascular anatomy,
pathogenesis, and stroke, we lay the anatomical foundation for the rest of the series. …

Initial studies on cancer primarily focused on malignant cells themselves. The overarching
narrative of cancer revolved around unchecked and rapidly proliferating cells. Special …

The molecular underpinnings of invasion, a hallmark of cancer, have been defined in terms
of individual mediators but crucial interactions between these mediators remain undefined. …

BACKGROUND Novel methods in predicting survival in patients with spinal metastases may
help guide clinical decision-making and stratify treatments regarding surgery vs palliative …

In this paper, our review series on cerebrovascular disease anatomy, physiology, and
pathology ends with a thorough discussion of the most significant cerebrovascular pathology: …

Bevacizumab resistance in GBM is associated with mesenchymal/glycolytic shifts involving
YKL-40 and ZEB1. Targeting ZEB1 reduces bevacizumab-resistant GBM phenotypes. …

Objective The increasing competitiveness of the neurosurgical residency match has made it
progressively difficult for foreign medical graduates (FMGs) to match in neurosurgery. We …

Metastases from cells outside of the central nervous system are the most common cancer
found in the brain and are commonly associated with poor prognosis. Although cancer …