▪ Abstract Most prokaryotic signal-transduction systems and a few eukaryotic pathways use
phosphotransfer schemes involving two conserved components, a histidine protein kinase …

Bacterial motility and gene expression are controlled by a family of phosphorylated
response regulators whose activities are modulated by an associated family of protein-histidine …

Phosphotransfer-mediated signaling pathways allow cells to sense and respond to environmental
stimuli. Autophosphorylating histidine protein kinases provide phosphoryl groups for …

Cells display a remarkable ability to respond to small fluctuations in their surroundings. In
simple microbial systems, information from sensory receptors feeds into a circuitry of regulatory …

Thhey allow oorganismss to perceive and transduce many different input siggnals and
provide aadaptive responses to extracelluular and inntracellular environmenttal changges. To …

Understanding cellular responses to environmental stimuli requires not only the knowledge
of specific regulatory components but also the quantitative characterization of the magnitude …

Members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily catalyze the addition of molecular oxygen to
nonactivated hydrocarbons at physiological temperature—a reaction that requires high …

Late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis is a fatal childhood neurological disorder caused
by a deficiency in the lysosomal protease tripeptidyl-peptidase 1 (TPP1). TPP1 represents …

Two-component signal transduction based on phosphotransfer from a histidine protein kinase
to a response regulator protein is a prevalent strategy for coupling environmental stimuli to …

Homologies among bacterial signal transduction proteins suggest that a common mechanism
mediates processes such as chemotaxis, osmoregulation, sporulation, virulence, and …