Tobacco and alcohol use are leading causes of mortality that influence risk for many complex
diseases and disorders 1 . They are heritable 2 , 3 and etiologically related 4 , 5 behaviors …

Tobacco and alcohol use are heritable behaviours associated with 15% and 5.3% of worldwide
deaths, respectively, due largely to broad increased risk for disease and injury 1 , 2 , 3 – …

Liability to alcohol dependence (AD) is heritable, but little is known about its complex polygenic
architecture or its genetic relationship with other disorders. To discover loci associated …

Shortcomings of approaches to classifying psychopathology based on expert consensus have
given rise to contemporary efforts to classify psychopathology quantitatively. In this paper, …

For more than a century, research on psychopathology has focused on categorical diagnoses.
Although this work has produced major discoveries, growing evidence points to the …

… Anna R. Docherty… Docherty …

The categorical model of personality disorder classification in the American Psychiatric
Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed. [DSM–5]; American …

The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is a quantitative nosological system
that addresses shortcomings of traditional mental disorder diagnoses, including arbitrary …

Structural models of psychopathology provide dimensional alternatives to traditional categorical
classification systems. Competing models, such as the bifactor and correlated factors …

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provide biological insights into disease onset and
progression and have potential to produce clinically useful biomarkers. A growing body of …