The deleterious effects of chronic stress on health and its contribution to the development of
mental illness attract broad attention worldwide. An important development in the last few …

BackgroundSchizophrenia is associated with lower intelligence and poor educational
performance relative to the general population. This is, to a lesser degree, also found in first-…

BackgroundIn a large and comprehensively assessed sample of patients with bipolar disorder
type I (BDI), we investigated the prevalence of psychotic features and their relationship …

Previously, it has been suggested that hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis dysregulation
and, as a consequence, increased cortisol levels, is not only a state phenomenon, but …

INTRODUCTION: Dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is
hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of bipolar disorder (BD). Conflicting results have …

Schizophrenia is highly heritable, yet its underlying pathophysiology remains largely unknown.
Among the most well-replicated findings in neurobiological studies of schizophrenia are …

Objective We aimed to investigate the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its
individual components in subjects with bipolar disorder (BD) compared to those with major …

Objectives Existing and previously published datasets were examined for associations
between illness and treatment characteristics and monocyte pro‐inflammatory gene expression …

Life events induce stress, which is considered to negatively impact the course of disease in
patients with bipolar disorder (BD), its effects being predominantly mediated by cortisol. …

Introduction Differentiating bipolar depression (BD) from unipolar depression (UD) is difficult
in clinical practice and, consequently, accurate recognition of BD can take as long as nine …