Membrane potential (V mem ) is a fundamental biophysical signal present in all cells. V
mem signals range in time from milliseconds to days, and they span lengths from microns to …

Imaging neuromodulation with synthetic probes is an emerging technology for studying
neurotransmission. However, most synthetic probes are developed through conjugation of …

… mM K+ exist as a point of comparison, we obtained a rough estimate of Vmem in 6 mM
extracellular K+ and 120 mM … in 6 mM extracellular K+ and À25 to +2 mV in 120 mM extracellular K…

Voltage-sensitive fluorescent reporters can reveal fast changes in the membrane potential
in neurons and cardiomyocytes. However, in many cases, illumination in the presence of the …

Electrical potential differences across lipid bilayers play foundational roles in cellular
physiology. Plasma membrane voltage is the most widely studied; however, the bilayers of …

Biological membrane potentials, or voltages, are a central facet of cellular life. Optical
methods to visualize cellular membrane voltages with fluorescent indicators are an attractive …

Introduction: Membrane potential (V m ), the voltage across a cell membrane, is an important
biophysical phenomenon, central to the physiology of cells, tissues, and organisms. Voltage…

Membrane potential is a fundamental biophysical parameter common to all of cellular life.
Traditional methods to measure membrane potential rely on electrodes, which are invasive …

An indicator displacement assay has been adapted to detect the diol products of the aldol
reaction between 4-nitrobenzaldehyde and hydroxyacetone in crude reaction mixtures. This …

… Cells were harvested by centrifugation and resuspended in 50 mM HEPES (pH 7.5)
supplemented with 150 mM NaCl and 1 mM TCEP. Cells are lysed by freeze–thaw followed by …