Recent discoveries of contemporary genotypes of hepatitis B virus and parvovirus B19 in
ancient human remains demonstrate that little genetic change has occurred in these viruses …

Integration into the nuclear genome of germ line cells can lead to vertical inheritance of
retroviral genes as host alleles. For other viruses, germ line integration has only rarely been …

Endogenous retrovirus (ERV) families are derived from their exogenous counterparts by
means of a process of germ-line infection and proliferation within the host genome. Several …

The lentiviruses are associated with a wide range of chronic diseases in mammals. These
include immunodeficiencies (such as HIV/AIDS in humans), malignancies, and lymphatic and …

Among the most fundamental questions in viral evolutionary biology are how fast viruses
evolve and how evolutionary rates differ among viruses and fluctuate through time. Traditionally…

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused millions of deaths
and substantial morbidity worldwide. Intense scientific effort to understand the biology of …

The comparatively milder infections with the Omicron variant and higher levels of population
immunity have raised hopes for a weakening of the pandemic. We argue that the lower …

Bats possess extraordinary adaptations, including flight, echolocation, extreme longevity and
unique immunity. High-quality genomes are crucial for understanding the molecular basis …

Lentiviruses chronically infect a broad range of mammalian species and have been transmitted
from primates to humans, giving rise to multiple outbreaks of HIV infection over the past …

COVID-19: endemic doesn't mean harmless. | Nature;601(7894): 485, 2022 01. | MEDLINE
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