Microglial function declines during aging. The interaction of microglia with the gut microbiota
has been well characterized during development and adulthood but not in aging. Here, we …

Glycosylation processes are under high natural selection pressure, presumably because
these can modulate resistance to infection. Here, we asked whether inactivation of the UDP-…

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) can be broadly divided into Crohn’s disease (CD) and
ulcerative colitis (UC) from their clinical phenotypes. Over 150 host susceptibility genes have …

Neural control of the function of visceral organs is essential for homeostasis and health.
Intestinal peristalsis is critical for digestive physiology and host defence, and is often …

Iron (Fe) is a highly ample metal on planet earth (~35% of the Earth’s mass) and is particularly
essential for most life forms, including from bacteria to mammals. Nonetheless, iron …

Colonization by the microbiota causes a marked stimulation of B cells and induction of
immunoglobulin, but mammals colonized with many taxa have highly complex and individualized …

IgA is the dominant immunoglobulin isotype produced in mammals, largely secreted across
the intestinal mucosal surface. Although induction of IgA has been a hallmark feature of …

Background & Aims Pathological bacterial translocation (PBT) in cirrhosis is the hallmark of
spontaneous bacterial infections, increasing mortality several-fold. Increased intestinal …

The gut microbiota regulate susceptibility to multiple human diseases. The Nlrp6-ASC
inflammasome is widely regarded as a hallmark host innate immune axis that shapes the gut …

Although the mammalian microbiota is well contained within the intestine, it profoundly shapes
development and metabolism of almost every host organ. We questioned the range and …