Nuclear receptors regulate gene expression by direct activation of target genes and inhibition
of AP-1. Here we report that, unexpectedly, activation by nuclear receptors requires the …

Thyroid-hormone and retinoic-acid receptors exert their regulatory functions by acting as both
activators and repressers of gene expression. A nuclear receptor co-repressor (N-CoR) of …

Optogenetic methods have emerged as powerful tools for dissecting neural circuit connectivity,
function and dysfunction. We used a bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) transgenic …

Two glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) located 2.5 kb upstream of the transcription
initiation site of the tyrosine aminotransferase gene were identified by gene transfer …

Cardiac myocytes express the two thyroid hormone receptors (T 3 Rs), T 3 Rα and T 3 Rβ.
However, which isoform contributes to specific, T 3 -induced alterations of cardiac function …

The expression of fluorescent proteins in defined subsets of neurons has become a powerful
tool for neurobiology. One limitation of this technology is that the majority of BAC transgenic …

Thyroid hormones influence the function of many organs and mediate their diverse actions
through two types of thyroid hormone receptors, TRα and TRβ. Little is known about effects of …

The ability to control and manipulate neuronal activity within an intact mammalian brain is of
key importance for mapping functional connectivity and for dissecting the neural circuitry …

Transcriptional activation of gene expression by glucocorticoid hormones is mediated by
the interaction of hormone–receptor complexes with specific DNA sequences called …

A pituitary LIM homeodomain factor, P-Lim, is expressed as Rathke's pouch forms and as
specific pituitary cell phenotypes are established, suggesting functional roles throughout …