A SARS-CoV-2 variant carrying the Spike protein amino acid change D614G has become
the most prevalent form in the global pandemic. Dynamic tracking of variant frequencies …

Globally, human immunodeficiency virus–type 1 (HIV-1) is extraordinarily variable, and this
diversity poses a major obstacle to AIDS vaccine development. Currently, candidate …

COVID-19 has become a global pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.
Understanding the origins of SARS-CoV-2 is critical for deterring future zoonosis, discovering …

The near-infrared (NIR) window refers to a range of wavelengths (700–1300 nm) in which
biological tissues are highly transparent.[1] Consequently, biological imaging and therapy …

To investigate the evolutionary history of the recent outbreak of severe acute respiratory
syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) in China, a total of 70 genomes of virus strains from …

Human and simian immunodeficiency viruses (HIV and SIV), influenza virus, and hepatitis C
virus (HCV) have heavily glycosylated, highly variable surface proteins. Here we explore N-…

Elementary particles such as electrons 1 , 2 or photons 3 , 4 are frequent subjects of wave-nature-driven
investigations, unlike collective excitations such as phonons. The demonstration …

We have developed an analysis pipeline to facilitate real-time mutation tracking in SARS-CoV-2,
focusing initially on the Spike (S) protein because it mediates infection of human cells …

… All correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Brian S. Foley, MD,
Department of Physical Medicine Rehabilitation, 541 North Clinical Drive, CL626 …

We analysed 41 years of data (1968–2008) from Blelham Tarn, UK, to determine the
consequences of eutrophication and climate warming on hypolimnetic dissolved oxygen (DO). 2. …