Genetic variation segregating within a species reflects the combined activities of mutation,
selection, and genetic drift. In the absence of selection, polymorphisms are expected to be a …

Epistatic interactions can make the outcomes of evolution unpredictable, but no comprehensive
data are available on the extent and temporal dynamics of changes in the effects of …

Most proteins assemble into multisubunit complexes 1 . The persistence of these complexes
across evolutionary time is usually explained as the result of natural selection for functional …

Heritable differences in gene expression are caused by mutations in DNA sequences
encoding cis-regulatory elements and trans-regulatory factors. These two classes of regulatory …

Heritable changes in gene expression are important contributors to phenotypic differences
within and between species and are caused by mutations in cis-regulatory elements and trans…

10.7554/eLife.37272.001 Gene expression noise is an evolvable property of biological
systems that describes differences in expression among genetically identical cells in the same …

The roles of chance, contingency, and necessity in evolution are unresolved because they
have never been assessed in a single system or on timescales relevant to historical evolution. …

How complicated is the relationship between a protein’s sequence and its function? High-order
epistatic interactions among residues are thought to be pervasive, making a protein’s …

The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is the best studied eukaryote in molecular
and cell biology, but its utility for understanding the genetic basis of phenotypic variation in …

Heritable variation in gene expression is common within species. Much of this variation is due
to genetic differences outside of the gene with altered expression and is trans-acting. This …