The digestive system is innervated through its connections with the central nervous system (CNS)
and by the enteric nervous system (ENS) within the wall of the gastrointestinal tract. …

The gastrointestinal tract presents the largest and most vulnerable surface to the outside
world. Simultaneously, it must be accessible and permeable to nutrients and must defend …

The only molecularly identified ghrelin receptor is the growth hormone secretagogue receptor
GHSR1a. Its natural ligand, ghrelin, is an acylated peptide whose unacylated counterpart (…

Heilendes Gift: Peptide aus dem Gift der Kegelschnecke sind potenzielle Therapeutika zur
Behandlung von neuropathischem Schmerz. Ein Nachteil dieser Peptide ist ihre kurze …

α-Conotoxins Vc1.1 and Rg1A are peptides from the venom of marine Conus snails that are
currently in development as a treatment for neuropathic pain. Here we report that the α9α10 …

Located within the tunica muscularis of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are networks of cells
known as interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC). ICC are critical for important basic functions of GI …

Conotoxins (conopeptides) are small disulfide bonded peptides from the venom of marine
cone snails. These peptides target a wide variety of membrane receptors, ion channels and …

α-Conotoxins that are thought to act as antagonists of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs)
containing α3-subunits are efficacious in several preclinical models of chronic pain. …

TRPA1 is an ion channel that detects specific chemicals in food and also transduces
mechanical, cold and chemical stimulation. Its presence in sensory nerve endings is well known …

Secs for your folding problems: Selenocysteine (Sec) residues were used to drive the
folding of conotoxin MrVIB, a previously “unfoldable” miniprotein with therapeutic potential (see …