How the brain encodes information in population activity, and how it combines and manipulates
that activity as it carries out computations, are questions that lie at the heart of systems …

A key idea in Lashley's formulation of the problem of serial order in behavior is the postulated
neural representation of all serial elements before the action begins. We studied this …

A wave of recent behavioral studies has generated a new wealth of parametric observations
about serial order behavior. What was a trickle of neurophysiological studies has grown to a …

There is and has been a fruitful flow of concepts and ideas between studies of learning in
biological and artificial systems. Much early work that led to the development of reinforcement …

Response variability is often correlated across populations of neurons, and these noise
correlations may play a role in information coding. In previous studies, this possibility has been …

Completing everyday tasks often requires the execution of action sequences matched to a
particular problem. To study the neural processes underlying these behaviors, we trained …

Reinforcement learning (RL) is the behavioral process of learning the values of actions and
objects. Most models of RL assume that the dopaminergic prediction error signal drives …

Reversal learning has been studied as the process of learning to inhibit previously rewarded
actions. Deficits in reversal learning have been seen after manipulations of dopamine and …

Reinforcement learning allows organisms to predict future outcomes and to update their
beliefs about value in the world. The dorsal-lateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC) integrates …

The explore-exploit dilemma refers to the challenge of deciding when to forego immediate
rewards and explore new opportunities that could lead to greater rewards in the future. While …