The endocannabinoids anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol are lipid mediators that
signal via CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors and Gi/o-proteins to inhibit adenylyl cyclase …

Precisely defining the roles of specific cell types is an intriguing frontier in the study of intact
biological systems and has stimulated the rapid development of genetically encoded tools …

Fever is a result of the action of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) on the brain and appears to require
EP3 prostaglandin receptors (EP3Rs), but the specific neurons on which PGE2 acts to …

Caffeine, the most widely used psychoactive compound, is an adenosine receptor antagonist.
It promotes wakefulness by blocking adenosine A 2A receptors (A 2A Rs) in the brain, but …

Increases in dopamine and glutamate transmission in the nucleus accumbens independently
promote the reinstatement of cocaine seeking, an animal model of relapse. Here we have …

Work in animals and humans has suggested the existence of a slow wave sleep (SWS)-promoting/electroencephalogram
(EEG)-synchronizing center in the mammalian lower brainstem…

Wakefulness, along with fast cortical rhythms and associated cognition, depend on the
basal forebrain (BF). BF cholinergic cell loss in dementia and the sedative effect of anti-…

Cannabinoids have been reported to possess antitumorogenic activity. Not much is known,
however, about the effects and mechanism of action of synthetic nonpsychotic cannabinoids …

Aversive stimuli have a powerful impact on behavior and are considered to be the opposite
valence of pleasure. Recent studies have determined some populations of ventral tegmental …

… candidates (CE Bass and EF Terwilliger, unpublished observations). Control vectors included
AAV10 encoding either EGFP alone or AAV10 encoding EGFP plus a scrambled shRNA (…