Background Up-regulation of hepatic delta-aminolevulinic acid synthase 1 (ALAS1), with
resultant accumulation of delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and porphobilinogen, is central to the …

… A total of 23 patients in parts A and B and 17 patients in part C underwent randomization. …
who received givosiran in parts A through C combined. In part C, all 6 patients who were …

… node ‘C’ showed a large change in male wing shape within the hecuba-group itself. Node
‘C’ … The large difference at node ‘C’ indicates unique wing shape evolution within the hecuba-…

… ) (Fig 1g) is a particularly interesting example given that it flies slowly when undisturbed (similar
to its Tiger models), but it changes to a fast, evasive flight if threatened (CM Penz pers …

Background and Aims Acute hepatic porphyria comprises a group of rare genetic diseases
caused by mutations in genes involved in heme biosynthesis. Patients can experience acute …

Skillfully composed and beautifully illustrated, The Butterflies of Venezuela Part 2 provides
196 species accounts for butterflies classified in 55 genera and five nymphalid groups. Both …

… c Crown age of diversification events in different regions. d Net diversification at the
crown (netDivcrown) in different regions. e Time variation parameter (α) in different regions. …

Riodinidae is a highly diverse butterfly family with the majority of its genera restricted to the
Neotropics and, despite previous efforts, its higher systematics remains unresolved. Here, we …

Objective Acute intermittent porphyria is a rare metabolic disorder that affects heme synthesis.
Patients with acute intermittent porphyria may experience acute debilitating neurovisceral …

… descriptions for the ten studied genera will be presented elsewhere (Penz, in prep.). … were
compared to males in a selected sample (Penz, unpublished). Wing morphology and venation …