Organisms exhibit an incredible diversity of form, a fact that makes the evolution of novelty
seemingly self‐evident. However, despite the “obvious” case for novelty, defining this concept …

Organisms represent a complex arrangement of anatomical structures and individuated
parts that must maintain functional associations through development. This integration of …

… The site of Dmanisi is located in a northern temperate climate (41 North latitude) in a region
that currently maintains a climate that is approximately 17 C cooler than the Turkana basin of …

The phalangeal portion of the forefoot is extremely short relative to body mass in humans.
This derived pedal proportion is thought to have evolved in the context of committed …

… The rapid fetal and postnatal elongation of the bat's MC3 is then driven by its growth plate
chondrocytes, which are (a) more numerous, (b) dividing more frequently (black cells), and (c) …

… Rolian80 described an identical pattern in the autopod skeleton: size and shape in
homologous hand and foot elements are more strongly correlated in Old World monkeys than in …

Human hands and feet have longer, more robust first digits, and shorter lateral digits
compared to African apes. These similarities are often assumed to be independently evolved …

Human radial digits have derived features compared with apes, with long robust thumbs,
relatively larger joint surfaces, and hypertrophic thenar muscles. Here we test the hypothesis …

… This approach was also used to pool the Cercopithecus sample, which comprises blue
monkeys (C. mitis) and the smaller redtail monkeys (C. ascanius). Separately, these two samples …

… (C) Vast expansion in molecular versus read coverage for whole-population haplotyping.
LR molecules typically span tens of kilobases, compared to ∼500 bp short reads. The …