Small molecule inhibitors have proven extremely useful for investigating signal transduction
pathways and have the potential for development into therapeutics for inhibiting signal …

The c-fos serum response element (SRE) forms a ternary complex with the transcription
factors SRF (serum response factor) and TCF (ternary complex factor). By itself, SRF can …

Transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) initiates its diverse cellular responses by binding to and
activating specific cell surface receptors that have intrinsic serine/threonine kinase activity. …

Ligands of the transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) superfamily of growth factors initiate signal
transduction through a bewildering complexity of ligand–receptor interactions. Signalling …

Changes in cell behavior induced by extracellular signaling molecules such as growth factors
and cytokines require execution of a complex program of transcriptional events. While the …

TGF-β superfamily signaling pathways emerged with the evolution of multicellular animals,
suggesting that these pathways contribute to the increased diversity and complexity required …

Here we use intravital imaging to demonstrate a reversible transition to a motile state as breast
cancer cells spread. Imaging primary tumours revealed heterogeneity in cell morphology …

Signaling by transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily ligands to the nucleus is
mediated by type I and type II receptors and the intracellular signal transducers, the Smads. …

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β stimulation leads to phosphorylation and activation of
Smad2 and Smad3, which form complexes with Smad4 that accumulate in the nucleus and …

The primary signalling pathway downstream of ligands of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β)
superfamily is the Smad pathway. Activated receptors phosphorylate receptor-…