While navigating a fundamentally uncertain world, humans and animals constantly evaluate
the probability of their decisions, actions or statements being correct. When explicitly elicited…

In Bayesian decision theory, knowledge about the probabilities of possible outcomes is
captured by a prior distribution and a likelihood function. The prior reflects past knowledge and …

Anxiety is a common affective state, characterized by the subjectively unpleasant feelings of
dread over an anticipated event. Anxiety is suspected to have important negative …

Image enhancement techniques primarily improve the contrast of an image to lend it a
better appearance. One of the popular enhancement methods is histogram equalization (HE) …

Image enhancement methods have been widely used to improve the visual effects of images.
Owing to its simplicity and effectiveness histogram equalization (HE) is one of the methods …

In simple instrumental-learning tasks, humans learn to seek gains and to avoid losses equally
well. Yet, two effects of valence are observed. First, decisions in loss-contexts are slower. …

When making choices, collecting more information is beneficial but comes at the cost of
sacrificing time that could be allocated to making other potentially rewarding decisions. To …

Given the photocatalytic properties of semiconducting polymers and carbon quantum dots (CQDs),
we report a new structure for a metal-free photocatalytic system with a promising …

We have designed and synthesized a series of conjugated polymers with fluorene or
carbazole and phenylphosphine oxide derivatives as polymer photocatalysts for visible-light-driven …

The organic semiconducting polymer dots (Pdot) or nanoparticles exhibited a promising
efficiency as photocatalyst for hydrogen production. This study reported a new Pdot-based …