10.7554/eLife.00047.001 Innate immunity is the first immunological defence against pathogens.
During virus infection detection of nucleic acids is crucial for the inflammatory response. …

Recognition of viruses by pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) causes interferon-β (IFN-β)
induction, a key event in the anti-viral innate immune response, and also a target of viral …

Background Gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty-acid (SFCA) acetate protects mice against
RSV A2 strain infection by increasing interferon-β production and expression of interferon…

Interferon-induced proteins with tetratricopeptide repeats (IFITs) are highly expressed during
the cell-intrinsic immune response to viral infection. IFIT1 inhibits translation by binding …

The transcription factor NF-κB is essential for immune responses against pathogens and its
activation requires the phosphorylation, ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of IκBα. …

Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1), a large DNA virus from the Herpesviridae family, is the
major cause of sporadic lethal encephalitis and blindness in humans. Recent studies have …

COVID-19 has accounted for more than 6 million deaths worldwide. Bacillus Calmette–Guérin
(BCG), the existing tuberculosis vaccine, is known to induce heterologous effects over …

Flaviviruses, including dengue virus and Zika virus, contain a single-stranded positive sense
RNA genome that encodes viral proteins essential for replication and also serves as the …

Vaccinia virus (VACV) encodes several proteins that inhibit activation of the proinflammatory
transcription factor nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). VACV protein A49 prevents translocation of NF…

10.7554/eLife.47013.001 Monocyte counts are increased during human tuberculosis (TB)
but it has not been determined whether Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) directly regulates …