Much recent discussion about the origin of Parkinsonian symptoms has centered around the
idea that they arise with the increase of beta frequency waves in the EEG. This activity may …

Current understanding of human brain development is rudimentary due to suboptimal in
vitro and animal models. In particular, how initial cell positions impact subsequent human …

The mechanisms underlying the emergence of learned motor skill representation in primary
motor cortex (M1) are not well understood. Specifically, how motor representation in the …

Antibodies have diverse applications due to their high reaction specificities but are sensitive
to denaturation when a higher working temperature is required. We have developed a …

Studying chemosensory processing desires precise chemical cue presentation, behavioral
response monitoring, and large-scale neuronal activity recording. Here we present Fish-on-…

Brain-wide activities revealed by neuroimaging and recording techniques have been used
to predict motor and cognitive functions in both human and animal models. However, …

Low back pain is a leading debilitating condition that affects every population worldwide, 1
and can lead to diminished physical function, loss of wages, decreased quality of life, and …

The intervertebral disc (IVD) is a complex fibrocartilaginous structure located between the
vertebral bodies that allows for movement and acts as a shock absorber in our spine for daily …

Mice have been increasingly used as preclinical model to elucidate mechanisms and test
therapeutics for treating intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Several intervertebral disc (IVD…

A new scoring system based on histo‐morphology of mouse intervertebral disc (IVD) was
established to assess changes in different mouse models of IVD degeneration and repair. IVDs …