Development of the body plan is controlled by large networks of regulatory genes. A gene
regulatory network that controls the specification of endoderm and mesoderm in the sea …

We report the sequence and analysis of the 814-megabase genome of the sea urchin
Strongylocentrotus purpuratus, a model for developmental and systems biology. The sequencing …

β-catenin is thought to mediate cell fate specification events by localizing to the nucleus
where it modulates gene expression. To ask whether β-catenin is involved in cell fate …

Cell-substratum adhesion strengths have been quantified using fibroblasts and glioma cells
binding to two extracellular matrix proteins, fibronectin and tenascin. A centrifugal force-…

We present the current form of a provisional DNA sequence-based regulatory gene network
that explains in outline how endomesodermal specification in the sea urchin embryo is …

p38 is a MAPK that has been shown to induce a wide variety of biological effects in cell
culture,in response to a wide range of stimuli. These effects are dependent not only on the stimuli…

Wnt proteins mediate the transduction of at least three major signaling pathways that play
central roles in many early and late developmental decisions. They control diverse cellular …

Genomic instructions for development are encoded in arrays of regulatory DNA. These specify
large networks of interactions among genes producing transcription factors and signaling …

Cell-cell interactions are thought to regulate the differential specification of secondary
mesenchyme cells (SMCs) and endoderm in the sea urchin embryo. The molecular bases of these …

Embryos of the echinoderms, especially those of sea urchins and sea stars, have been studied
as model organisms for over 100 years. The simplicity of their early development, and the …