Repeated aggression is a frequent symptom of many psychiatric and neurological disorders,
including obsessive-compulsive and attention deficit hyperactivity disorders, bipolar and …

Chronic social defeat stress leads to the development of anxiety- and depression-like states
in male mice and is accompanied by numerous molecular changes in brain. The influence …

Background Development of anxiety- and depression-like states under chronic social defeat
stress in mice has been shown by many experimental studies. In this article, the …

There is experimental evidence that chronic social defeat stress is accompanied by the
development of an anxiety, development of a depression-like state, and downregulation of …

Individuals exposed to social stress in childhood are more predisposed to developing
psychoemotional disorders in adulthood. Here we use an animal model to determine the influence …

Repeated experience of winning in a social conflict setting elevates levels of aggression and
may lead to violent behavioral patterns. Here, we use a paradigm of repeated aggression …

The main neurotransmitters in the brain—dopamine, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamate,
and opioids—are recognized to be the most important for the regulation of aggression and …

Background Medium spiny neurons (MSNs) comprise the main body (95% in mouse) of the
dorsal striatum neurons and represent dopaminoceptive GABAergic neurons. The cAMP (…

Chronic agonistic interactions promote the development of experimental psychopathologies
in animals: a depression-like state in chronically defeated mice and the pathology of …

Midbrain raphe nuclei (MRNs) contain a large number of serotonergic neurons associated
with the regulation of numerous types of psychoemotional states and physiological processes…