Entamoeba histolytica, a protozoan intestinal parasite, is the causative agent of human
amebiasis. Amebiasis is the fourth leading cause of death and the third leading cause of …

The objective is to discuss sexually transmitted diseases caused by Tritrichomonas foetus (T
foetus) and Campylobacter fetus (C fetus) subsp. venerealis, with a focus on prevalence, …

β-defensins are small cationic antimicrobial peptides secreted by diverse cell types including
colonic epithelial cells. Human β-defensins form an essential component of the intestinal …

Embedded in the colonic mucus are cathelicidins, small cationic peptides secreted by colonic
epithelial cells. Humans and mice have one cathelicidin-related antimicrobial peptide (…

Calves are highly susceptible to gastrointestinal infection with Cryptosporidium parvum (C.
parvum), which can result in watery diarrhea and eventually death or impaired development. …

Cathelicidins are a primitive class of host defense peptides and are known for their broad–spectrum
antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and enveloped viruses. These small, …

Staphylococcus species, categorized into Staphylococcus aureus and non-aureus
staphylococci (NAS), are frequent causes of mastitis in dairy cattle around the world. Current …

Metronidazole and other 5-nitroimidazoles (5-NI) are among the most effective antimicrobials
available against many important anaerobic pathogens, but evolving resistance is …

Host defense peptides, abundantly secreted by colonic epithelial cells and leukocytes, are
proposed to be critical components of an innate immune response in the colon against …

Klebsiella pneumoniae, a common cause of clinical mastitis (CM) in dairy cows, can cause
severe clinical symptoms. However, its pathogenicity in the bovine mammary gland is not …