The C. elegans PAR proteins PAR-3, PAR-6, and PKC-3 are asymmetrically localized and
have essential roles in cell polarity. We show that the one-cell C. elegans embryo contains a …

Cell shape changes underlie a large set of biological processes ranging from cell division to
cell motility. Stereotyped patterns of cell shape changes also determine tissue remodeling …

All insects possess homologous segments, but segment specification differs radically among
insect orders. In Drosophila, maternal morphogens control the patterned activation of gap …

Background Epithelial invagination is a fundamental morphogenetic behavior that transforms
a flat cell sheet into a pit or groove. Previous studies of invagination have focused on the …

Tissue morphogenesis arises from coordinated changes in cell shape driven by actomyosin
contractions. Patterns of gene expression regionalize cell behaviours by controlling …

PAR proteins constitute a highly conserved network of scaffolding proteins, adaptors and
enzymes that form and stabilize cortical asymmetries in response to diverse inputs. They …

The ascidian notochord follows a morphogenetic program that includes convergent extension
(C/E) followed by anterior-posterior (A/P) elongation [1–4]. As described here, developing …

Tissue morphogenesis is orchestrated by cell shape changes. Forces required to power
these changes are generated by non-muscle myosin II (MyoII) motor proteins pulling …

PAR proteins distribute asymmetrically across the anterior-posterior axis of the 1-cell-stage
C. elegans embryo, and function to establish subsequent anterior-posterior asymmetries. By …

We use 3D time-lapse analysis of living embryos and laser scanning confocal reconstructions
of fixed, staged, whole-mounted embryos to describe three-dimensional patterns of cell …