Place cells of the rodent hippocampus constitute one of the most striking examples of a
correlation between neuronal activity and complex behaviour in mammals 1 , 2 . These cells …

We studied the responses of single neurons in the human medial temporal lobe while subjects
viewed familiar faces, animals, and landmarks. By progressively shortening the duration …

A seminal experiment found that the reported time of a decision to perform a simple action
was at least 300 ms after the onset of brain activity that normally preceded the action. In …

Space and time are important components of our episodic memories. Without this information,
we cannot determine the “where and when” of our recent memories, rendering it difficult to …

Highlights • Human spatial navigation as involving three fundamental forms of representations
and strategies: allocentric, egocentric, and beacon. • How we navigate differs from …

When we remember a city that we have visited, we retrieve places related to finding our goal
but also non-target locations within this environment. Yet, understanding how the human …

Judging how far away something is and how long it takes to get there is critical to memory
and navigation. Yet, the neural codes for spatial and temporal information remain unclear, …

The basis for how we represent temporal intervals in memory remains unclear. One proposal,
the mental time line theory (MTL), posits that our representation of temporal duration …

… grant from the American Psychology Association awarded to EAI and by the Sontag Grant
awarded to WPBCorrespondence concerning this article should be addressed to Eve A. Isham…

Is the moment of conscious decision (known as W), as timed by Benjamin Libet and colleagues,
a measure of volition? We begin with an analysis of Banks and Isham (2009), which …