Among herbivorous insects with a complete metamorphosis the larval and adult stages
usually differ considerably in their nutritional requirements and food ecology. Often, feeding on …

Plants provide insects with a range of specific foods, such as nectar, pollen and food bodies.
In exchange, they may obtain various services from arthropods. The role of food rewards in …

Vegetative buffers in agricultural landscapes can provide a range of important ecological
services, including conservation of native flora and fauna, enhancement of biological pest …

Many pollinators and entomophagous arthropods rely on floral food (pollen and nectar) at
some point during their life cycle (Baggen et al., 1999; Pontin et al., 2006; W ä ckers, 2005). …

Since their discovery about thirty years ago, induced plant responses have mainly been
studied in interactions of plants with aboveground (AG) pathogens, herbivores and their natural …

Plants employ nectar for two distinct functions. Floral nectar has traditionally been viewed in
the context of pollination. Extrafloral nectar on the other hand, can act as an indirect defense…

Plants function in a complex multitrophic environment. Most multitrophic studies, however,
have almost exclusively focused on aboveground interactions, generally neglecting the fact …

Biological pest control in greenhouse crops is usually based on periodical releases of mass-produced
natural enemies, and this method has been successfully applied for decades. …

Growing evidence for declines in bee populations has caused great concern because of the
valuable ecosystem services they provide. Neonicotinoid insecticides have been implicated …

Floral plantings are promoted to foster ecological intensification of agriculture through provisioning
of ecosystem services. However, a comprehensive assessment of the effectiveness of …