In the mammalian neocortex, segregated processing streams are thought to be important for
forming sensory representations of the environment 1 , 2 , but how local information in …

With few exceptions biological tissues strongly scatter light, making high-resolution deep
imaging impossible for traditional—including confocal—fluorescence microscopy. Nonlinear …

Two-photon calcium imaging of neuronal populations enables optical recording of spiking
activity in living animals, but standard laser scanners are too slow to accurately determine …

Animal behavior originates from neuronal activity distributed across brain-wide networks.
However, techniques available to assess large-scale neural dynamics in behaving animals …

During navigation, rodents continually sample the environment with their whiskers. How
locomotion modulates neuronal activity in somatosensory cortex, and how it is integrated with …

Light-sheet microscopy is an ideal technique for imaging large cleared samples; however,
the community is still lacking instruments capable of producing volumetric images of …

Microglial cells represent the immune system of the mammalian brain and therefore are
critically involved in various injuries and diseases. Little is known about their role in the healthy …

Multicellular glial calcium waves may locally regulate neural activity or brain energetics.
Here, we report a diffusion-driven astrocytic signal in the normal, intact brain that spans many …

An increasingly powerful approach for studying brain circuits relies on targeting genetically
encoded sensors and effectors to specific cell types. However, current approaches for this …

Cortical blood flow at the level of individual capillaries and the coupling of neuronal activity
to flow in capillaries are fundamental aspects of homeostasis in the normal and the diseased …