The emergence of mosquito-borne RNA viruses, such as West Nile virus (WNV), is facilitated
by genetically complex virus populations within hosts. Here, we determine whether WNV …

West Nile virus (WNV) exists in nature as a genetically diverse population of competing
genomes. This high genetic diversity and concomitant adaptive plasticity has facilitated the rapid …

Intrahost genetic diversity was analysed in naturally infected mosquitoes and birds to
determine whether West Nile virus (WNV) exists in nature as a quasispecies and to quantify …

The recent emergence of both chikungunya and Zika viruses in the Americas has significantly
expanded their distribution and has thus increased the possibility that individuals may …

In 2015, Zika virus (ZIKV; Flaviviridae; Flavivirus) emerged in the Americas, causing millions
of infections in dozens of countries. The rapid spread of the virus and the association with …

West Nile virus (WNV) strains circulating during the first five years of WNV transmission in
New York were collected, partial nucleotide sequences were determined, and in vitro and in …

Epidemiological synergy between outbreaks of viruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti mosquitoes,
such as chikungunya, dengue, and Zika viruses, has resulted in coinfection of humans …

Studies examining the evolution of West Nile virus since its introduction into North America
have identified the emergence of a new dominant genotype (WN02) that has displaced the …

West Nile virus (WNV) (Flavivirus: Flaviviridae) is the most widespread arbovirus in the world.
A significant range expansion occurred beginning in 1999 when the virus was introduced …

Neutralization of West Nile virus (WNV) in vivo correlates with the development of an antibody
response against the viral envelope (E) protein. Using random mutagenesis and yeast …