In eukaryotic cells, proteasomes are highly conserved protease complexes and eliminate
unwanted proteins which are marked by poly-ubiquitin chains for degradation. The 26S …

The study of continuously varying, quantitative traits is important in evolutionary biology,
agriculture, and medicine. Variation in such traits is attributable to many, possibly interacting, …

Inter-individual variation in facial shape is one of the most noticeable phenotypes in humans,
and it is clearly under genetic regulation; however, almost nothing is known about the …

We present evidence here that exosomes stimulate aggregation of amyloid beta (Aβ)1−42 in
vitro and in vivo and interfere with uptake of Aβ by primary cultured astrocytes and microglia …

Amyloid protein is well known to induce neuronal cell death, whereas only little is known about
its effect on astrocytes. We found that amyloid peptides activated caspase 3 and induced …

C-reactive protein (CRP) is a sensitive biomarker of chronic low-grade inflammation and is
associated with multiple complex diseases. The genetic determinants of chronic inflammation …

Hair morphology is highly differentiated between populations and among people of
European ancestry. Whereas hair morphology in East Asian populations has been studied …

Loss of fine skin patterning is a sign of both aging and photoaging. Studies investigating the
genetic contribution to skin patterning offer an opportunity to better understand a trait that …

The diathesis–stress theory for depression states that the effects of stress on the depression
risk are dependent on the diathesis or vulnerability, implying multiplicative interactive effects …

Stuttering is a developmental disorder of speech production that usually emerges in childhood.
In this study, a large population-based twin sample from the Australian Twin Registry (…