… (A) CD11b-positive microglia (blue) within an amyloid β (Aβ) deposit (brown) in the parietal
cortex of … (C) GFAP-positive astrocytes (blue) surround the site of Aβ deposition (brown) in the …

Microglial research has advanced considerably in recent decades yet has been constrained
by a rolling series of dichotomies such as "resting versus activated" and "M1 versus M2." …

The molecular origin of standard metabolic rate and thermogenesis in mammals is examined.
It is pointed out that there are important differences and distinctions between the cellular …

Nitric oxide (NO) reversibly inhibited oxygen consumption of brain synaptosomes. Inhibition
was reversible, occurred at the level of cytochrome oxidase, and was apparently competitive …

Nitric oxide (NO) and its derivative peroxynitrite (ONOO − ) inhibit mitochondrial respiration
by distinct mechanisms. Low (nanomolar) concentrations of NO specifically inhibit …

… The oxidation state of cytochrome c affects its ability to induce apoptosis, with oxidized
cytochrome c more potent in induction of caspase activity and apoptosis than reduced cytochrome …

The four gases, nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) and
hydrogen cyanide (HCN) all readily inhibit oxygen consumption by mitochondrial cytochrome …

Glia undergo inflammatory activation in most CNS pathologies and are capable of killing
cocultured neurons. We investigated the mechanisms of this inflammatory neurodegeneration …

Microglia, the brain's professional phagocytes, can remove dead and dying neurons as well
as synapses and the processes of live neurons. However, we and others have recently …

We have seen that there is no simple answer to the question ‘what controls respiration?’ The
answer varies with (a) the size of the system examined (mitochondria, cell or organ), (b) the …