Early life stress increases risk for depression. Here we establish a “two-hit” stress model in
mice wherein stress at a specific postnatal period increases susceptibility to adult social …

Depression is a complex, heterogeneous disorder and a leading contributor to the global
burden of disease. Most previous research has focused on individual brain regions and genes …

Chronic exposure to drugs of abuse or stress regulates transcription factors, chromatin-modifying
enzymes and histone post-translational modifications in discrete brain regions. Given …

Antidepressants (ADs) are the most common treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD).
However, only ∼30% of patients experience adequate response after a single AD trial, and …

Abuse, neglect, and other forms of early life stress (ELS) significantly increase risk for psychiatric
disorders including depression. In this study, we show that ELS in a postnatal sensitive …

Background Examining transcriptional regulation by antidepressants in key neural circuits
implicated in depression and understanding the relation to transcriptional mechanisms of …

Background Global changes in gene expression underlying circuit and behavioral dysregulation
associated with cocaine addiction remain incompletely understood. Here, we show how …

Cue-induced methamphetamine seeking progressively increases after withdrawal (incubation
of methamphetamine craving), but the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown. We …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the leading cause of disability worldwide. There is an
urgent need for objective biomarkers to diagnose this highly heterogeneous syndrome, assign …

Cocaine-associated memories are persistent, but, on retrieval, become temporarily
destabilized and vulnerable to disruptions, followed by reconsolidation. To explore the synaptic …