Soil drying and wetting cycles can produce pulses of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrous oxide (N 2
O) emissions with substantial effects on both regional air quality and Earth’s climate. While …

Global climate and land use change are causing woody plant encroachment in arctic, alpine,
and arid/semi‐arid ecosystems around the world, yet our understanding of the …

Soils are the largest source of atmospheric nitrous oxide (N 2 O), a powerful greenhouse
gas. Dry soils rarely harbor anoxic conditions to favor denitrification, the predominant N 2 O-…

Microbial biofilms are ubiquitous in drinking water systems, yet our understanding of drinking
water biofilms lags behind our understanding of those in other environments. Here, a six-…

Human activities accelerate acidification, particularly as acid rain, which may have lasting
impacts on soil abiotic and biotic parameters. However, the effects of acidification on …

Soil ammonia (NH3) emissions are seldom included in ecosystem nutrient budgets; however,
they may represent substantial pathways for ecosystem nitrogen (N) loss, especially in arid …

As invasive grasses encroach upon native ecosystems, they have the potential to transform
intact California coastal sage scrub (CSS) into non-native grasslands. This occurs—in part—…

Leaf-cutter ants (LCAs) are widely distributed and alter the physical and biotic architecture
above and below ground. In neotropical rainforests, they create aboveground and …

Microbial nitrogen cycling in hot desert soils is dominated by bursts of biogeochemical
metabolic activity during short periods of water availability. Both edaphic traits of the soil …